One of the literary works of the period under consideration and returned to the literature, the Masnavi is Taqdys. This is understandable because of the substantial number of exotic Arabic words and difficult words of Old Persian, the public seems to be a problem. Khorasani style and the style to the Iraqis (return period) is. This article has been tried in Masnavi style Taqdys - the limitation s - of each of the three levels Ganەintellectual, linguistic and literary studies is only one indicator.(The intellectual level, feature content, in language, vocabulary and the literary field, likened the matter). Among the important points that can be pointed to it, the Masnavi Taqdys influence that the evidence is shown. Featuring Taqdys style, the verses and hadith, and early use of the oven is Tlmy array.

Nowadays human resources as the most important competitive advantage and organizational capital has been accepted by everyone as a certain and definite statement. Due to the intense competition and shortage of highly skilled and qualified employees, recruiting and retaining of talented employees will be associated with risks as in other areas of the organization in the field of human resources. Consequently, it can influence on the efficiency and effectiveness of this area. The purpose of this study is to identify the risks of retaining the faculty members at Yazd University. Statistical population of research of employees of Yazd University who are engaged in hiring faculty members. Findings led to the identification of 3 main themes including perceptual, occupational and managerial risk and 10 sub-themes including escape, dependence, procrastination, work addiction, job erosion, destructive cooperation, fencing, equality, maladaptation and psychological weakness. Is. In this research, perceptual, occupational and managerial risks are introduced as maintenance risk. The results showed individual, organizational and behavioral risk as human resource risks in the form of maintenance risks. It was also concluded that retaining incompetent professors carries risks for the university, students and incompetent professors, which leads to a decline in the university's academic credibility and prestige.

To modernize any society, in particular in developing countries it is necessary to focus and to be concerned with educational institutions. The quality of these institutions and their anticipation to fulfill the present and future needs of the society throughout Education, Research and Proficiency Services are important. Faculty Development is an organized, goal-directed process to achieve progression and growth of skills that enable one to contribute in a meaningful way to the advancement of the field of interest, whether educational, operational, or scientific. This Research relied on mixed method Research and has been done based on Grounded Theory approach. research participants include 17 higher education Experts including full time faculty members and granted PhD students for qualitative part and 307 faculty members in Tehran universities for quantitative part. In this research type of data generated throughout semi structured interview and questionnaire. In validating the gathered data used two methods including member checking and external audit for Qualitative part and Alpha Cronbach for quantitative part. Data Analysis: The Gathered data were analyzed using the content analysis approach using by LISREL and SPSS software. The results Indicate that 13 General Categories Paradigm Model, Including Causal Conditions, Core phenomena (Participation in Decision Making), Contextual Conditions, the Intervening Conditions, Strategies for Faculty Development (Academic Freedom, Set up the Faculty Development Center) and Outcomes Obtained that Factors Affecting the Faculty Development Process.

Faculty members are the most important capital in universities and higher education institutes, and investment in development programs and upgrading them is so important. The goal of the study is to study obstacles of the faculty members' development in Islamic Azad University. It is a descriptive survey research and the instrument was a researcher-made questionnaire. The population consisted of all full time faculty members of IAU in regions 8 & 12. Using stratified random sampling method, 360 of them were selected. The content validity of the research instrument was confirmed by a group of experts in the field. Cronbach alpha is used for determining the reliability of the questionnaire (a=0.81). Data analysis was conducted by means of SPSS software program (version 11.5). The results show that out of 13 obstacles of faculty member improvement, 8 obstacles were higher than middle average. Friedman test results show that the most important obstacles consist of ignoring faculty members' needs and preferences, lake of enough support from university managers, non-arbitrariness of programs and lake of necessary motivations and encouragement. Investigating demographic variables shows that there are no meaningful relation between variables (gender, faculty members work experience, scientific level and the course) and obstacles of faculty member improvement. Finally, a number of suggestions were presented in order to improve efficiency of faculty member's improving programs.

For its mission of providing, training and empowering human resources, and to be the leader in the education, research, production and promotion of the required science of education, the University of Farhangian must have a capable faculty, excellence, and renovation. This study was conducted to develop empowerment model for faculty members of Farhangian University. In the first step, with the literature review of the components of empowerment, a list of 48 components and 14 dimensions were prepared by interviewing ten faculty members at Farhangian University and in a questionnaire with 118 items (0. 9 reliability). Faculty members answered 53 people at Farhangian University of Razavi and North Khorasan provinces. Then, by exploratory factor analysis, 37 of 14 components were identified. Finally, the empowerment model of faculty members was presented with confirmatory factor analysis. In the first step, 48 components were identified, in the second step 37 and in the last step, the empowerment model with 30 components in 14 dimensions were approved. The model was fixed with a probability value of 0. 001. Therefore, the results showed that while paying special attention to the philosophical foundations, the implementation of empowerment components was provided as well as by evaluating and giving feedback on the actions taken, faculty members at Farhangian University were empowered.

Introduction: Academic faculty members need to emphasize ethical principles in order to improve higher education, with the understanding of this importance, the current research was conducted with the aim of designing the ethical model of academic faculty members in Iran's higher education. Material & Methods: This research is a type of qualitative study that uses foundational data theory. The participants, including experts and faculty members of the country's public universities, who were responsible for the promotion of academic members, were selected as key informants through a targeted sampling method of 45 people. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews. The reliability and validity of the data were obtained from the two methods of reviewing the participants and recoding by experts. Data were analyzed by open, central and selective coding. Results: The results showed that the moral model of faculty members in Iran's higher education is explained in 10 main categories and 27 subcategories. Major and core categories in the form of 6 dimensions of causal conditions including (individual factors, organizational factors), core (cultural-educational, educational ethics, research ethics, scientific-executive), background conditions (higher education policies, moral activism), intervening conditions (environmental factors), strategies (micro level-university, macro level-higher education) and consequences (individual and organizational) were elevated to a higher abstract level and finally the research paradigm model was presented. Conclusion: The regulations for the promotion of academic staff members in Iran require a detailed revision of the content with an ethical and qualitative approach in order to make the indicators of the promotion regulations efficient and effective.

Professional development of faculty members is considered as a key component of the quality of teaching and learning process improvement. The present study was aimed at designing a model for professional development of e-learning instructors. The methodology of the research was applied to the purpose and the method of data collection was of a qualitative type which was performed using the data approach of the foundation with a Emergence approach (Glaser approach). The tool used was semi-structured interview and the statistical population of the faculty members was in the field of e-learning. Using a targeted sampling method, 22 of them were sampled and the data were saturated. Findings The study eventually comprised 659 open codes, 57 primary and 15 secondary categories. The results showed that for the development of faculty members, e-learning should focus on five main dimensions: the dimension of knowledge development (with 4 dimensions), skill development (with 3 dimensions), ability development (with 2 dimensions), development of attitude (with 3 dimensions) and development Features (with 3 dimensions).

Introduction: The aim of nursing education is training of competent nurses who have knowledge, attitude and necessary skills for maintaining and promoting people health. So, nursing faculty member role in individual and professional development is not deniable. The purpose of this study is exploration of characteristics of a competent nursing faculty member.Methods: This is a qualitative research which was done using content analysis method. Data were collected through interviews. The study was initiated with purposive sampling and continued by theoretical one. 24 participants were interviewed during 2 months in Nursing faculty. Constant comparative analysis method was utilized for data analysis.Results: Data analysis has shown that 7 categories including: scientific background, educational skills, individual and emotional characteristics, professsional ethics, supportive and management characteristics as secondary codes, and “A nursing competent faculty member as a complete human” as the main code were extracted from data which all participants confirmed them.Conclusion: In this study the characteristics of a competent nursing faculty member were recognized deeper. Since the main code “A nursing competent faculty member as a complete human” as a new and deep spiritual finding can emphasizes on the placement of nursing discipline. Considering the study findings can bear in mind that all nursing masters should pay attention to them and have a comprehensive plan to achive them. On the other hand, applying characteristics of a competent nursing faculty member as a guider in nursing menagement and education is recommended.

Promotion of the quality of education and increasing students’ educational achievements are the most important goals of every university. Among many factors affecting students’ educational achievement, out-of-classroom informal interactions between students and faculty members have been studied by many researchers. Almost all of the researches in this area believe these interactions are beneficial both for the engaged actors and the university. In the present study, the differences between the student-faculty member interactions in two faculties (Humanities and Engineering) in a large State university in Iran are studied. The data was gathered from a survey on a representative sample including 300 students. The results show that in the faculty of humanities, there are more frequent student-faculty member interactions compared to the other faculty, while student-student interactions are more frequent in the faculty of engineering. The causal model for explaining students’ educational achievement are the same for both faculties and in both of them weak and strong ties with faculty members and also satisfaction with evaluation have positive effects on students’ educational achievements.